Pliny said that Topazos is a legendary island in the Red Sea and the mineral "topaz" was first mined there.
Ancient Sri Lanka ( Tamraparni) exported native oriental topazes to Greece and ancient Egypt, which led to the etymologically related names of the island by Alexander Polyhistor ( Topazius) and the early Egyptians ( Topapwene) – "land of the Topaz". The name topaz was first applied to the mineral now known by that name in 1737. John's Island in the Red Sea which was difficult to find and from which a yellow stone (now believed to be chrysolite: yellowish olivine) was mined in ancient times.
The name "topaz" is usually believed to be derived (via Old French: Topace and Latin: Topazus) from the Greek Τοπάζιος (Topázios) or Τοπάζιον (Topázion), from Τοπαζος. It is one of the hardest naturally occurring minerals and has a relatively low index of refraction. The rarest are natural pinks, reds, and delicate golden oranges, sometimes with pink hues. Topaz is often treated with heat or radiation to make it a deep blue, reddish-orange, pale green, pink, or purple.Īlthough it is often associated with golden yellow and blue, it comes in a variety of colors, including colorless. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue or golden brown to yellow orange. It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al 2 Si O 4( F, OH) 2. Weak in thick sections X = yellow Y = yellow, violet, reddish Z = violet, bluish, yellow, pink Colorless (if there are no impurities), white, blue, brown, orange, gray, yellow, yellowish brown, green, pink, reddish pink or even red
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